Local Ecology
Spaces and connections, natural and human-made
Sunday, July 18, 2010
Resurrecting this Blog
For the past two years, I've canned beets. Last year, I also canned dilly beans. And I froze strawberries, blueberries, pesto, and roasted tomatoes. This year, I've been making tomato sauce and (peach) chutney for canning. I switched recipes on the beets (fermented vs pickled) and lost the entire effort. I had hoped to can salsa as well, but after reading through the reference materials I found on the web, I've found that it's different from tomato sauce and needs to have the acidity balanced. But why? I need to understand the science behind those instructions.
Sunday, June 07, 2009
A Taxonomy of Defense Mechanisms
One section of this article particularly drew my attention.
“Vaillant explains defenses as the mental equivalent of a basic biological process. When we cut ourselves, for example, our blood clots—a swift and involuntary response that maintains homeostasis. Similarly, when we encounter a challenge large or small—a mother’s death or a broken shoelace—our defenses float us through the emotional swamp. And just as clotting can save us from bleeding to death—or plug a coronary artery and lead to a heart attack—defenses can spell our redemption or ruin. Vaillant’s taxonomy ranks defenses from worst to best, in four categories.
“At the bottom of the pile are the unhealthiest, or psychotic, adaptations—like paranoia, hallucination, or megalomania—which, while they can serve to make reality tolerable for the person employing them, seem crazy to anyone else. One level up are the immature adaptations, which include acting out, passive aggression, hypochondria, projection, and fantasy. These aren’t as isolating as psychotic adaptations, but they impede intimacy. Neurotic defenses are common in ‘normal’ people. These include intellectualization (mutating the primal stuff of life into objects of formal thought); dissociation (intense, often brief, removal from one’s feelings); and repression, which, Vaillant says, can involve “seemingly inexplicable naïveté, memory lapse, or failure to acknowledge input from a selected sense organ.” The healthiest, or mature, adaptations include altruism, humor, anticipation (looking ahead and planning for future discomfort), suppression (a conscious decision to postpone attention to an impulse or conflict, to be addressed in good time), and sublimation (finding outlets for feelings, like putting aggression into sport, or lust into courtship).
So what are the best predictors (according to this study) for being happy over the age of 50? Having 5 or more of the following factors? "education, stable marriage, not smoking, not abusing alcohol, some exercise, and healthy weight”. ~50% of the men remaining in the study who met 5+ of these health factors were happy and healthy at age 80. Not a single individual with 3 or fewer of these factors was happy and healthy at age 80, regardless of physical shape in their younger years. He also found that the men's ability to deal with stress...their defense mechanisms...matured as they aged, or as the author put it "mature adaptations are a real-life alchemy, a way of turning the dross of emotional crises, pain, and deprivation into the gold of human connection, accomplishment, and creativity." In other words, there is hope for those of us who had less than wonderful childhoods.
Monday, September 15, 2008
Meaningful Democracy
http://www.orionmagazine.org/index.php/articles/article/2962/
Hospitals flushing pharmaceuticals
U.S. hospitals and long-term care facilities annually flush millions of
pounds of unused pharmaceuticals down the drain, pumping contaminants into
America's drinking water, according to an ongoing Associated Press
investigation.
These discarded medications are expired, spoiled, over-prescribed or
unneeded. Some are simply unused because patients refuse to take them, can't
tolerate them or die with nearly full 90-day supplies of multiple
prescriptions on their nightstands.
Saturday, August 23, 2008
Getting Started with Insulin, or the Road to Regulation
- Because diet and insulin work hand-in-hand with each other, you may want to be sure your cat is getting good low-carb foods before you start insulin. If you choose to change diet first, please see Feeding Your Cat: Know the Basics of Feline Nutrition.
- By starting with a diet change, you will have time to collect baseline glucose levels to help interpret insulin response once you begin insulin therapy. If your cat has been exhibiting diabetic symptoms (excessive urination and drinking) for more than a month, you should start insulin therapy right away. That means you won't have any baseline data, but the sooner your cat starts insulin, the better.
The following steps assume that you are feeding a low carb diet and home testing.
Step 1. For the first week of insulin therapy, stick with a consistent dose and shot time, 12 hours apart. This initial "breaking in" period lets the body re-learn how to use the insulin. If you are hometesting, you will want to test before each shot and get additional tests at various times during the 12-hour cycle. The timing of your spotchecks will depend on which insulin you are using. Basically you want to know when the insulin begins to work (onset), when it peaks (lowest point), and how long before it stops being effective (duration). Dosing adjustments are made based on preshots and peaks. So make sure you get at least three (3) tests around peak time.
If your starting dose gives you peak values below 100, you may want to talk with your vet about a dose reduction.
Step 2. After the first week, share your data with your vet to determine if it's time for a dose change. This will help you and your vet communicate more clearly and may be the first time your vet has worked with someone who is home testing. If you do not feel like your vet is open to this, you can post your numbers on FDMB for review.
Here are some guidelines from 5 Steps to Regulating Your Diabetic Cat.
- If the average peak is above 150 mg/dl (8.3 mmol/L), increase the dose by 0.5 unit.
- If the average peak is between 90 and 149 mg/dl (5.0 and 8.2 mmol/L), keep the dose the same.
- If the average peak is below 90 mg/dl (5.0 mmol/L), decrease the dose by 0.5 unit.
Continue this approach until you begin seeing preshots no higher than 300 mg/dl and peaks close to 90 mg/dl. Many of us prefer to keep our cats more tightly regulated than this, but achieving that is beyond the purposes of this post.
These are general recommendations. Each cat and each insulin is different so you will need to customize this guidelines to your unique situation.
Thursday, August 21, 2008
Union of Concerned Scientists Cartoon Winner
(Could you kindly rephrase that in equivocal, inaccurate, self-serving and roundabout terms that we can all understand?)
(See the original)
Sunday, July 13, 2008
I Failed the Challenge, or What I Learned From the Eat Local Challenge
- Availability
- Finances
- Time
I have had to acknowledge how dependent my diet is on pastas and grains, dried beans, and nice cheeses. Without pasta or grains, I struggled to come up with ideas for packable lunches. A typical summer lunch for me is tabouli and a piece of pita bread. Bulgar is not grown locally, and while there is a bakery that makes pita bread in Durham, I don't know where the wheat for their flour is grown. Another summer favorite is white bean soup. While I can use locally grown tomatoes, onions, and garlic, white beans are not grown locally. So availability of basic staples of my diet was a significant hurdle in this eat local challenge.
The foods I did find cost me $58 for the week. In a normal week, I would spend about $35, or about 40% less than what this week cost. On the other hand, I don't normally eat this well or feel this happy about my weekly menu, so the additional costs were mediated to a certain extent by that satisfaction. By continuing on the experiment, I hope to find a happy medium.
But that happy medium is going to have to also be less time consuming. For one thing, I am going back to eating cereal in the morning so that I have time to walk before work. Eggs take 15-20 minutes to fix and eat; cereal takes 10 minutes total. That extra 10 minutes costs nearly 1 mile on my morning walk. I do plan to try and find cereal alternatives for the weekend though.
For my lunches I will allow myself to eat sandwiches again. However, I will start making my own peanut butter as soon as I decide which food processor to buy and I will continue buying locally produced cheeses even though they do cost more.
I also plan to go back to eating pasta. Why? Because I love it! I enjoyed spending the time and effort it took to eat locally this week, but I didn't enjoy sacrificing the pasta. "Happiness is not a matter of intensity, but of balance, order, rhythm, and harmony."
Thanks to Carolina Farm Stewardship for making the Challenge!
Carolina Farm Stewardship Eat Local Challenge
The Eat Carolina Food Challenge was initiated by the Carolina Farm Stewardship Association to promote locally grown and processed foods. From July 7-13, 2008, approximately 20 residents of North and South Carolina agreed to eat locally and to document their experience with a food log and blog posts.
I signed up for the challenge thinking it would be easy. After all, I've been eating locally for years, but I've never tried to make it 100% of a week's menu. The week started on Friday night, July 4, when I started putting together my shopping list for the Carrboro Farmer's Market. I would need something for breakfast that could be ready to eat in under 20 minutes; lunch food that could be packed and warmed up in the office kitchen; and dinner food, where I would have more flexibility.
I'd already been through Weaver Street Coop and knew that I couldn't document the "localness" of any of the bulk or packaged cereals for breakfast, so I was going to have to eat eggs. I don't really like eggs that much so I decided to make a zucchini and goat cheese frittata and biscuits to get me through part of the week. Then I would have grilled chicken for lunches and vegetable plates for dinner. Or so I thought.
Lunches were the biggest challenge. No one makes pasta from local ingredients or grows grains or beans, and those are my typical lunch staples. Couldn't find peanut butter made from North Carolina peanuts either. I'm going to be saving up to buy a food processor to make my own peanut butter, but I won't be able to rely on that for this challenge.
Last year when I took the Dark Days Eat Local Challenge, I found that Whole Foods sold chickens from Winston-Salem. Although I've been vegetarian for 30+ years, I occasionally lapse on chicken and turkey in the effort to incorporate more protein into my diet. Lapsing for the week sounded like an easy way out of the lunch dilemma. So after my Saturday morning trip to the Farmer's Market ($15), I trekked out to Whole Foods for the chicken, taking my barbecue sauce with me so that I could stop at a friends house and grill the chicken before returning home. Unfortunately, the butcher informed me that their chickens come from Pennsylvania, same place that Weaver Street gets theirs. Maybe I misunderstood before, or maybe they've just changed distributors. But for whatever reason, I now had a huge gapping hole in my weeks menu.
A trip back to Weaver Street confirmed my suspicion that without having purchased the veggies at the Farmer's Market, I was out of luck. I did, however, find some North Carolina cantalopes ($23 for cantalopes, local cheese, and milk). But I was still going to have to figure out how to use what I had already purchased to make lunch food. So I reshuffled and decided I could eat scrambled eggs for breakfast and put the zucchini, planned for the frittata, into squash fritters. Total cost for this day of shopping: $38. Already had the eggs, flour, and butter (not local).
My menu for Monday and Tuesday was:
- Breakfast: scrambled eggs (Latta Egg Ranch and Maple View Dairy milk) and cheese biscuits (Lindley Mills flour, local hoop cheese, and Maple View Dairy buttermilk)
- Lunch: Zucchini fritters and cantalope (yogurt for protein--not local); the zucchini was purchased from Elysian Fields Farm (CFSA members)
- Dinner: mashed potatoes, pickled beets, and corn on the cob. Potatoes purchased from Pine Knot Farms; beets from Laurie Heise, and corn from Sunset Farms. Pine Knot and Laurie are CFSA members, not sure about Sunset.
So far, so good. The only slippage between Monday and Wednesday, besides my daily yogurt, was breakfast on Tuesday. Didn't have time to make eggs so I resorted to my organic cereal. And I didn't drink local wine with my dinners. At $14 a bottle, it just exceeded my budget, especially since I have a case of wine bought last week at the annual Southern Seasons sale.
Now for the Thursday through Saturday planning. I learned that there was someone at the Carrboro Farmers Market that sold chicken (free range, chemical free) so I gritted my teeth and made the purchase along with some mozzarella cheese (Chapel Hill Creamery) and heirloom tomatoes from Alex Hitt for a total of $20. Gonna have to stick with eggs for breakfast. I really miss my cereal.
The chicken was frozen so I sauteed some veggies and mixed with pasta for Wednesday night's dinner, making extra for Thursday's lunch. Another slippage on the pasta. But I couldn't think of anything else I could take for lunch that wouldn't involve slippage, so if I'm gonna sin, I want to enjoy it. I love zucchini and leeks on pasta!
Menu for Wednesday through Friday:
- Breakfast: scrambled eggs and milk
- Lunch (Wednesday): Zucchini fritters and cantalope (yogurt for protein--not local)
- Lunch (Thursday): Pasta with sauteed squash and leeks and cantalope (squash and leeks from Elysian Farms)
- Lunch (Friday): Roasted chicken breast and cantalope
- Dinner (Wednesday): Pasta with sauteed squash and leeks
- Dinner (Thursday): Snacks at the Orange County Beekeepers monthly meeting (not local) where they were having their annual honey tasting. Quite a tasty dinner even if it was a little sticky.
- Dinner (Friday): Roasted chicken breast, tomato and mozzarella salad
Two more days to go on the CFSA Challenge, but I'm planning to keep this going, sort of, for the remainder of the summer. I don't like eggs for breakfast so I'm going back to cereal starting on Monday. For lunches, I'm planning vegetable pot pie and cantalope (these are REALLY good cantalopes). Veggie plates for dinner.
Menu for Saturday and Sunday:
- Breakfast: scrambled eggs and milk
- Lunches: cucumber and tomato sandwiches on Weaver Street Wonderful bread and potato chips (yeah, I know....the potato chips are not local, another slippage) (Cucumbers from Maple Springs Gardens and tomatoes from Laurie Heise at Wiseacre Farms)
- Dinner (Saturday night): Spearmint and Lemonade LocoPop and Benjamin Vineyards wine (spent at the Farmers Market in Saxapahaw where I also tasted some excellent cheeses from Hillsborough Cheese Company); not the most well balanced meal of the week, but maybe the most enjoyable.
- Dinner (Sunday night): cucumber and tomato sandwich (see above)
Sunday, May 18, 2008
Sunday, May 04, 2008
Tonali
All of the entrees on last night's menu were either meat or fish, so my main dish was another appetizer, chili relleno. Again, the chef outdid himself. His relleno's are stuffed with light, heavenly, delicious mashed potatoes that complimented the pablano pepper perfectly. Whoever started stuffing them with cheese? My friends had the fish tacos which were unlike any taco I've ever had. The taco shell was soft and the fish (grouper) was lightly breaded. No one asked for a doggy bag.
And then came the piece de resistance--dessert. I ordered the dulce de leche creme brulee thinking I would get something similar to the custard my friend Linda, a native of Puerto Rico, made each New Years from her grandmother's recipe. Tonali's recipe did not come from anyone's grandmother and it was not a custard. It was truly a bite of heaven. Lightly carmelized, topped with a couple of sliced strawberries, rich and creamy without being heavy.
The meal was pricey which surprised me based on the Chowhounds review. His $5.50 tacos were $12 last night. But the quality of the food was certainly worth the higher price.
Tonali
3624 Shannon Road
Durham
Sunday, April 13, 2008
Bee Rescue, Day 2
After a good nights rest, I got up early to go to the Farmer's Market and check on the bees. Apparently, the only way to convince a group of bees to stay in a new box is to ensure that the queen is in the box. We had failed to get the queen. The outside wall of the garage was covered in bees. And the neighbors were hot (this is a condo). They wanted the "research project" stopped immediately and the bees disposed of. Only one person was interested in what we were doing.
Ernie went to the bee supply store for advice on how to proceed and was loaned a wet-vac and a special box to connect to it. We spent the next 5 hours vacuuming bees into the box and then emptying them into the hive box. Fortunately, we were able to get the queen early on so we didn't have to keep vacuuming up bees we had already captured and moved. But many of those that were displaced during the vacuuming, headed for the comb we had dislodged the night before. The old saying "busy as a bee" is based on truth, these bees never stopped. They remained focused on their job even when they were drowning in honey.
Yep, drowning in honey. We had put too much comb in the new hive the night before and the honey had leaked out and was pooling up under the cart the hive box was setting on. The bees in the lower box literally drowned as the honey leaked down. So we had to empty the box of all those poor little carcasses and throw out about half of the comb.
As soon as we got it cleaned out, the bees we had vacuumed up and emptied into the hive box started acting much happier. Unfortunately, I wasn't able to get any pictures of the vacuuming or the happy hive due to having so much honey on my hands, in my hair, on my clothes, and all over my shoes. The next pictorial installment of the story will have to wait until the bees get to my house and start helping me garden.
Bee Rescue, Day 1
Friday night was the night to move the squatters into a new hive and then to my house. We had 5 people to help with the move, but only 3 had "outfits" so myself and the other fashion-challenged person were the photographers. The other three looked like they knew what they were doing. All three have beekeeping experience but no one had ever moved a colony like this before. Normally, a new box would have been out for them to swarm to, whenever they were ready. But in the absence of a prepared box, they made their own housing decision.
The first step was to cut a hole in the garage ceiling and determine the size of the hive. A small hole for what looked like a small colony. After cutting the hole, Ernie filled the inside with smoke to anesthesize the bees. Then he expanded the hole, and then he expanded it further. The final hole was about 10 times larger than the initial opening. By the time the opening was large enough to see the entire comb, the garage was full of smoke and bees were flying everywhere. Amazingly though, they weren't stinging.
Ernie cut the hive into pieces in order to dislocate it. After the first cut, we were all drenched in honey. The next day, I put on a pair of the gloves and could barely get my hands back out they were so sticky. The honeycomb was moved into the hive boxes, and then we all went back inside for a beer. Originally, the plan was to move the hive to my house that night, but because there were so many more bees than originally thought, Ernie felt it was better to let them calm down overnight and move them the next morning. So we plugged up the hole, wished them a goodnight, and went inside for a beer and a movie.
Wednesday, March 19, 2008
Choose to Be Excellent: In Honor of Eve
"Choose to be excellent," Reilly said. "Let us have the courage to choose to be excellent, with a heart."
Sunday, February 03, 2008
What goes down the drain gets turned out to pasture via toxic sludge
From Physorg.com
What goes down the drain -- detergents, personal-care products and discarded and excreted medications -- may be out of sight and out of mind, but they are not, unfortunately, out of this world.
Significant amounts of toxic chemicals from households persist in the environment because they end up in sewage sludge. Though pathogens are removed in wastewater treatment plants, no treatment is required to address some of the most abundant chemical contaminants that originate in the home.
So sludge and sludge-rich composts, often containing toxic chemicals, are commonly applied to farmland, parks, forests and yards.
Take ibuprofen (its many trade names include Advil and Motrin), for example, the third most consumed drug in the world. Wastewater treatment plants remove 60 to 90 percent of it, but that's not enough, warns a Cornell researcher.
"Given the volume that is consumed, a lot still goes out to the environment," says Anthony G. Hay, Cornell associate professor of microbiology and director of Cornell's Institute for Comparative and Environmental Toxicology. He studies how ibuprofen and other chemicals present in sewage sludge are degraded by microorganisms.
"Even low concentrations of ibuprofen have been found to affect the way fish spawn, so we don't want it accumulating in the environment," says Hay.
"Understanding the biological fate is very important for being able to predict the potential for toxicity of compounds. In the case of ibuprofen, we were able to show that it can be degraded to nontoxic intermediates."
Since legislation prohibits dumping sewage sludge in the ocean, most of it in this country is applied to soil for its nutrients and to improve the physical properties of the soil, which is often cheaper than landfill or incineration.
"However, there are no requirements in the U.S. to test for or remediate organic pollutants in sewage sludges, and sludges contain a wide variety of these contaminants that conventional treatment does not eliminate," adds Ellen Z. Harrison, who served as director of Cornell's Waste Management Institute for many years until her recently announced retirement.
Gardeners may unknowingly use sludge-based products, such as free compost, because labeling is not mandated. Some products even use the term "organic" on their labels, says Harrison.
To make matters even more complex, Hay adds, "Most wastewater treatment plants were designed to target industrial pollutants. There are no requirements for monitoring chemicals from personal-care products, pharmaceutical compounds or antibiotics. We are interested in knowing what compounds are out there and if biodegradation is making these things less toxic or more toxic."
While looking at sludge, Hay's research team found high levels of compounds commonly used in detergents such as alkylphenol ethoxylates that "get more toxic as they degrade, becoming persistent compounds that mimic estrogen," says Hay. "The concentrations being reported in the environment are below levels of concern for most humans but are high enough to affect fish populations by changing sex ratios, resulting in fewer males. The question is, what is the long-term effect on populations? We don't really know.
Working with graduate student Abbie Wise Porter, Hay found alkylphenol in sludges from Syracuse, Cortland, Ithaca and Cayuga Heights at levels that were five times higher than most other places that had been studied. This suggested that the sludges had about 15-40 times more estrogen activity than dairy cow manure, which is considered to have high estrogen levels due to lactating cows, says Hay.
In addition, Porter found triclosan, a widely used biocide (used to kill bacteria), in all of the sludges at quite high concentrations. "Triclosan is coming from the antibacterial hand soaps, deodorants, toothpastes and many other personal-care products," says Hay. "There are more and more reports of triclosan in environmental samples ... in fish, and in high concentrations in breast milk. Triclosan is not all that effective in these products, but it is still being marketed to the public to quell their fears about microbes. Unfortunately, triclosan inhibits our ability to eliminate other pollutants from our body so it may be doing more harm than good."
So what are consumers to do?
"Not buying anti-bacterial hands soaps would be a good first step since regular soaps are just as effective," says Hay. "With respect to the other pollutants we detected, people can select fragrance-free products when possible and look for products that are labeled as biodegradable."
Harrison adds that, at the legislative level, banning the use of certain toxic chemicals such as the most toxic brominated flame retardant -- which is banned in California -- would be appropriate.
Also, people should find out where the sludge from their local treatment plants goes, and make sure it is not used at schools or parks, says Harrison. "When they obtain compost or soil amendments for their yards, they should find out whether they contain sewage sludge. And of course, they should try to use products that don't contain toxic chemicals and should not flush unwanted chemicals or pharmaceuticals down the drain."
More suggestions about environmentally friendly products can be found at http://www.fingerlakesbuygreen.org.
Source: Cornell University
http://www.physorg.com/news120927003.html
Monday, January 07, 2008
7 R's of Anti-Sustainability
- Refuse
Sunday, January 06, 2008
Bill Richardson on Energy
"You know, what we need is an energy revolution in this country. Not some of the bills that the congress has passed. We need to go to 50 miles per gallon fuel efficiency. We need to have 30 percent of all our electricity renewable. We need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80 percent by the year 2040. And we need the American people to sacrifice a little bit."
Now that would be an energy policy I could support. For more details, see http://action.richardsonforpresident.com/page/s/energyplan
How cool is that that we have a woman, an African-American, and a Hispanic running in this race!
Tuesday, January 01, 2008
RIP: Squeeze the Pulp
Today, a new STP has been unveiled in the form of a wiki rather than a discussion forum. Two "columnists" have been given their own sections of the wiki to moderate. One of those columnists was the most virulent of the angry posters. "We have brought on some of the more controversial posters from the old Pulp as contributors. Each controls their very own slice of the Pulp."
So after a couple of years of blasting OP as someone's private sandbox and criticizing that individual's editorial decisions, now Mr Angry Poster has his own private sandbox in which he can make his own editorial decisions. Talk about hypocrisy.
And then there are the definitions. Apparently the owner of STP has a lot of Mr Angry Poster in him. Here's an example: “BOA” – A term used to denote the governance board of Carrboro, known for its playpen mentality. Only pals are allowed in. Often compared to the monkey house at a zoo, the BOA is known for the figurative flinging of monkey dung at those in opposition to the errors in judgment routinely committed by the BOA." Now there's a great strategy for improving political discourse in the community. The Angry Posters seem to overlook the fact that VOTERS select the Board of Alderman. They were so ineffective in supporting the candidates from their area that they lost what should have been a slam dunk change. Now they resort to name calling. That just about sums up STP.
The owners of STP and OP have the right to do whatever they want with the technology they manage, even in STP's case if that means giving rights to individuals who have less than the best interests of this community in their hearts. We'll see how these changes work. To the STP owner: it would have been nice to have known this was coming so that those of who did invest the time and effort to do research could have pulled our old contributions. I will not be posting at the new site.